Soft-sediment deformation · Cross section

Convolute bedding

Laminae deformed into chaotic folds within an otherwise undeformed bed.

Schematic, not to scale

How it forms: Loosely packed sand settles and escaping water fluidizes it, deforming the laminations.
Typical setting: Rapidly deposited, water-saturated sand
Way up: Only if the folds are truncated by younger, undeformed laminations.
Flow direction: No.

Photo examples